Appendicitis

What is Appendicitis?

Appendicitis is the inflammation of the appendix, a small, finger-shaped pouch attached to the large intestine in the lower right side of the abdomen. Although the appendix has no known essential function, when it becomes inflamed or infected, it can cause severe abdominal pain and requires prompt medical attention.

Appendicitis is a medical emergency, as a ruptured appendix can lead to serious complications like peritonitis (infection of the abdominal cavity) or abscess formation.

Causes of Appendicitis

Appendicitis typically occurs when the appendix is blocked, either by:

• Hardened stool or fecal matter
• Enlarged lymphoid tissue
• Infection
• Tumors or foreign bodies (rare)

The blockage causes inflammation, bacterial overgrowth, and swelling, which can cut off the appendix's blood supply, leading to tissue death and potential rupture.

Symptoms of Appendicitis

The classic symptoms of appendicitis include:

• Sudden pain in the lower right side of the abdomen
• Pain that begins near the belly button and moves downward
• Worsening pain with movement, coughing, or sneezing
• Loss of appetite
• Nausea and vomiting
• Low-grade fever
• Constipation or diarrhea
• Abdominal bloating

In children, pregnant women, and the elderly, symptoms may vary and can sometimes be vague.

Complications of Untreated Appendicitis

• Ruptured appendix: This can lead to life-threatening infections
• Peritonitis: Inflammation of the abdominal lining
• Abscess: A pocket of pus that forms around the appendix
• Sepsis: A severe body-wide infection

Prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent complications.

Diagnosis

Appendicitis is diagnosed through:

• Physical examination: Checking for tenderness, especially in the lower right abdomen
• Blood tests: To check for signs of infection
• Urine tests: To rule out urinary tract infections or kidney stones
• Imaging tests:
  • Ultrasound: Especially useful in children and pregnant women
  • CT scan: Most accurate tool to confirm appendicitis
  • MRI: Sometimes used during pregnancy to avoid radiation

Treatment

The standard treatment for appendicitis is surgical removal of the appendix, called an appendectomy.

1. Laparoscopic Appendectomy:

Minimally invasive surgery using small incisions and a camera. It offers faster recovery, less pain, and smaller scars.

2. Open Appendectomy:

A single larger incision, usually done if the appendix has ruptured or if there’s widespread infection.

3. Non-Surgical Treatment:

In some early cases, especially when surgery is high-risk, antibiotics may be used to control the infection. However, surgery is usually preferred to prevent recurrence.

Recovery After Surgery

• Most patients recover within 1 to 2 weeks after laparoscopic surgery.
• Open surgery may require a longer recovery period.
• Post-operative instructions include limiting physical activity, taking medications as prescribed, and watching for signs of infection.

Why Choose Aster Hospitals for Appendicitis?

Aster Hospitals provides prompt and expert care for patients with appendicitis, ensuring timely diagnosis and treatment through 24/7 emergency services. Our team of experienced general and laparoscopic surgeons is supported by state-of-the-art imaging and surgical facilities, enabling precise and efficient care. We offer minimally invasive surgery options for faster recovery and reduced discomfort, along with comprehensive post-operative care and recovery support. With specialized expertise in managing pediatric and high-risk patients, Aster Hospitals ensures safe and effective treatment for all age groups.