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Infertility

Infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after one year of regular, unprotected sexual intercourse (or after 6 months if the woman is over 35). It also includes the inability to carry a pregnancy to term. Infertility can affect both men and women, and in many cases, it involves contributing factors from both partners.

Thanks to advances in medicine and reproductive technologies, many causes of infertility are now treatable, offering hope to couples trying to conceive.

Types of Infertility

  • Primary infertility: When a couple has never conceived
  • Secondary infertility: When a couple has had at least one prior pregnancy but is now unable to conceive

Causes of Infertility

In Women

  1. Ovulatory Disorders

  • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
  • Premature Ovarian Insufficiency
  • Thyroid dysfunction
  • Hyperprolactinemia
  • Irregular or absent ovulation

  2. Tubal Blockages or Damage

  • Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
  • Past ectopic pregnancy
  • Endometriosis
  • Previous surgeries

  3. Uterine or Cervical Issues

  • Fibroids or polyps
  • Uterine abnormalities
  • Cervical stenosis
  • Poor cervical mucus

  4. Age-related Factors

  • Fertility declines after age 35
  • Lower egg quantity and quality

  5. Lifestyle and Environmental Factors

  • Stress, obesity, smoking, alcohol
  • Excessive exercise or poor nutrition

In Men

  1. Low Sperm Count or Poor Sperm Quality

  • Low motility, poor morphology, or low concentration
  • Causes include genetics, infections, heat exposure, or toxins

  2. Ejaculation Disorders

  • Retrograde ejaculation
  • Erectile dysfunction

  3.Varicocele

  • Enlarged veins in the scrotum that affect sperm production

  4. Hormonal Imbalances

  • Low testosterone or pituitary dysfunction

 5. Infections or Trauma

  • STIs, testicular injury, past surgeries

Diagnosis

Infertility evaluation includes:

For Women

  • Medical and menstrual history
  • Ovulation tracking (basal body temperature, hormone tests, ovulation kits)
  • Ultrasound scans to assess follicles and uterus
  • Hormonal profile: FSH, LH, AMH, thyroid, prolactin, and estrogen
  • Hysterosalpingography (HSG): X-ray to check fallopian tube openness
  • Laparoscopy: To detect endometriosis or adhesions

For Men

  • Semen analysis (volume, count, motility, morphology)
  • Hormonal tests (testosterone, FSH, LH)
  • Scrotal ultrasound
  • Genetic testing (in selected cases)

Treatment Options

Treatment depends on the underlying cause, duration of infertility, age, and personal preferences.

Lifestyle Changes

  • Maintain a healthy weight
  • Stop smoking and limit alcohol
  • Manage stress and exercise moderately
  • Improve sleep and nutrition

Medical Treatments

  • Ovulation induction with medications (Clomiphene, Letrozole, gonadotropins)
  • Treatment for thyroid or prolactin disorders
  • Antibiotics for infections
  • Surgical correction of fibroids, endometriosis, or tubal blocks
  • Varicocele repair in men

Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART)

  • Intrauterine Insemination (IUI): Sperm is inserted directly into the uterus during ovulation
  • In Vitro Fertilization (IVF): Eggs and sperm are combined in a lab, and the embryo is implanted into the uterus
  • Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI): A single sperm is injected into the egg, often used in male infertility
  • Egg or sperm donation
  • Surrogacy (in specific cases)

Emotional and Mental Health Support

Infertility can take a toll on emotional well-being and relationships. Support options include:

  • Counseling or therapy
  • Support groups
  • Mindfulness and stress-relief practices
  • Open communication between partners

Why Choose Aster Hospitals for Infertility Care?

Aster Hospitals offers comprehensive and compassionate fertility care through a multidisciplinary team of fertility specialists, reproductive endocrinologists, embryologists, urologists, and counselors. We utilize advanced diagnostic tools, including hormone testing, semen analysis, and 3D ultrasound, to create personalized fertility plans tailored to each couple’s needs. Our services include on-site IUI, IVF, and ICSI procedures, supported by the latest in ovulation tracking and assisted reproductive technologies. Emotional support and counseling are integral to our approach, helping you navigate the journey with confidence. With high success rates and a strong ethical foundation, Aster is committed to guiding and supporting you every step of the way—whether you’re just beginning or seeking advanced treatments.

FAQ's

Want to find out more about the treatment? The answer to your questions can be found below.

When should we see a doctor for infertility?

If you're under 35 and haven’t conceived after 12 months—or over 35 and trying for 6 months—schedule a fertility evaluation.

Is infertility only a female issue?

No. Male factors contribute to about 40–50% of infertility cases. Both partners should be evaluated.

Can infertility be prevented?

Not all causes can be prevented, but maintaining a healthy lifestyle, managing medical conditions, and early intervention can improve outcomes.

Can stress cause infertility?

Chronic stress can affect hormones and ovulation, but it’s rarely the sole cause. Managing stress supports overall fertility health.

Does age affect male fertility?

Yes, but the decline is more gradual than in women. Sperm quality can decrease with age, especially after 40.

Can infertility be prevented?

Can infertility be prevented?

Not all causes can be prevented, but maintaining a healthy lifestyle, managing medical conditions, and early intervention can improve outcomes.

No
Health Conditions

Does age affect male fertility?

Does age affect male fertility?

Yes, but the decline is more gradual than in women. Sperm quality can decrease with age, especially after 40.

No
Health Conditions

Is infertility only a female issue?

Is infertility only a female issue?

No. Male factors contribute to about 40–50% of infertility cases. Both partners should be evaluated.

No
Health Conditions

Can stress cause infertility?

Can stress cause infertility?

Chronic stress can affect hormones and ovulation, but it’s rarely the sole cause. Managing stress supports overall fertility health.

No
Health Conditions

When should we see a doctor for infertility?

When should we see a doctor for infertility?

If you're under 35 and haven’t conceived after 12 months—or over 35 and trying for 6 months—schedule a fertility evaluation.

No
Health Conditions

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