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Cryoablation

As the name suggests, cryoablation employs very low temperatures(cryo) to burn out(ablation) abnormal cells anywhere in the body. It is a minimally invasive procedure that requires significantly less downtime compared to conventional ablation methods like radio-frequency ablation or blade ablations (cut surgeries). The procedure involves using liquid nitrogen, carbon dioxide, helium, or argon gasses at freezing temperatures. The procedure is specially used in pre-cancer lesions, body tumors, heart arrhythmia, and nonmetastatic cancer cells. It is alternately also called cryosurgery or cryotherapy. 

Cryoablation is extensively used for the following: 

  • Cancer and precancerous lesions of the skin

  • Localized prostate cancer 

  • Cancers of the liver and kidney, bone, breast, cervix, eye, and lungs. 

  • In cases when cancer returns after initial treatments

  • To remove diseased tissue when the patient's general health does not allow conventional removal of tissue

  • To restore normal heartbeat after a stroke or heart attack 

Benefits of cryoablation 

  • The effect of the procedure can be viewed in real time as the solidified gas forms a radio plaque ball that is easily visible on CT, X-ray, and MRI.

  • Cooling of tissues has an anesthetic effect on the patient. Therefore, outpatient procedures are carried out under local anesthesia or mild sedation.

  • Cryoablation probes can all be used independently and simultaneously. 

  • Better acceptance in kidney tumors compared to RF ablation. 

  • Immense cell-mediated response is seen post cryoablation. 

Risks of cryoablation 

There are minimal risks associated with cryoablation surgery and are mild compared to radiation and significant surgeries. These include 

  • Damage to surrounding healthy cells

  • Blisters

  • Infection

  • Loss of sensation in the surrounding nerve area

  • Ulcer 

  • Pain

  • Scarring

  • Skin discolor 

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