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Aortic Stenosis

This is a condition in which the aortic valve narrows, restricting blood flow from the left ventricle to the aorta and the rest of the body. This increased resistance makes the heart work harder, which leads to heart failure, arrhythmias, and  serious complications if left untreated.

Types of Aortic Stenosis

  • Congenital Aortic Stenosis: Present at birth, often due to a bicuspid aortic valve instead of the normal tricuspid structure.
  • Calcific Aortic Stenosis: Common in older adults due to calcium buildup on the valve, causing stiffness.
  • Rheumatic Aortic Stenosis: Resulting from rheumatic fever, leading to valve scarring and fusion of valve leaflets.

Signs and Symptoms

  • Chest Pain or Tightness (Angina): Especially during physical activity.
  • Shortness of Breath (Gasping): With exertion or even at rest in severe cases.
  • Fatigue: Due to reduced blood flow and oxygen supply.
  • Heart Palpitations: Irregular heartbeats due to arrhythmias.
  • Dizziness or Fainting (Syncope): Often triggered by physical exertion.
  • Heart Murmur: A sound heard through a stethoscope during examination.

Clinical Features

  • Systolic Ejection Murmur: Harsh sound best heard at the right upper sternal border.
  • Pulsus Parvus et Tardus: A weak and delayed pulse due to restricted blood flow.
  • Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH): Thickening of the heart muscle seen on imaging.
  • ECG Changes: Indicating left ventricular strain.
  • Symptoms Triad: Chest pain, syncope, and heart failure in advanced cases.

Treatment Options

Medications (to manage symptoms, not cure the stenosis)

  • Diuretics: Reduce fluid overload in cases of heart failure.
  • Beta-blockers: Help control heart rate and reduce oxygen demand.
  • ACE Inhibitors: Manage associated heart failure symptoms.

Interventional Procedures

  • Balloon Valvuloplasty: A catheter-based procedure to widen the narrowed valve, often temporary.
  • Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR): A minimally invasive procedure to replace the valve, ideal for high-risk surgical patients.

Surgical Interventions

  • Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement (SAVR): The definitive treatment for severe cases, replacing the diseased valve with a mechanical or biological prosthesis only under the guidance of a cardiologist.
  • Lifestyle Modifications
  • Regular Monitoring: Routine echocardiograms to track disease progression. No sedentary lifestyle should be followed.

Why Choose A Cardiologist At Aster Hospitals for Treatment?

Aster Hospitals offer advanced diagnostic tools, expert cardiologist, and state-of-the-art surgical facilities for managing aortic stenosis. With specialized teams for TAVR and SAVR, personalized care plans, and comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation programs, patients receive holistic care aimed at improving survival rates and quality of life.

FAQ's

Want to find out more about the treatment? The answer to your questions can be found below.

What causes Aortic Stenosis?

Aortic stenosis can result from age-related calcification, congenital heart defects, rheumatic fever, chronic kidney disease, or high cholesterol levels. It is caused by congenital bicuspid aortic valve, age-related calcific degeneration, rheumatic heart disease, radiation-induced valve damage, and rarely, metabolic disorders like hyperlipoproteinemia or Paget’s disease affecting the aortic valve.

Can Aortic Stenosis be cured?

While medications help manage symptoms, the definitive cure is valve replacement through surgical or transcatheter approaches.

How is Aortic Stenosis diagnosed?

Diagnosis involves physical examination (heart murmur), echocardiography, ECG, chest X-rays, CT scans, and cardiac catheterization for detailed assessment.

What are the complications of Aortic Stenosis?

When untreated, it can lead to heart failure, arrhythmias, stroke, blood clots, and sudden cardiac death. Other complications include left ventricular hypertrophy, pulmonary hypertension, infective endocarditis, and gastrointestinal bleeding (Heyde’s syndrome) due to associated vascular malformations. Keep in touch with a cardiologist if you face complications.

What are the complications of Aortic Stenosis?

What are the complications of Aortic Stenosis?

When untreated, it can lead to heart failure, arrhythmias, stroke, blood clots, and sudden cardiac death. Other complications include left ventricular hypertrophy, pulmonary hypertension, infective endocarditis, and gastrointestinal bleeding (Heyde’s syndrome) due to associated vascular malformations. Keep in touch with a cardiologist if you face complications.

No
Health Conditions

Can Aortic Stenosis be cured?

Can Aortic Stenosis be cured?

While medications help manage symptoms, the definitive cure is valve replacement through surgical or transcatheter approaches.

No
Health Conditions

How is Aortic Stenosis diagnosed?

How is Aortic Stenosis diagnosed?

Diagnosis involves physical examination (heart murmur), echocardiography, ECG, chest X-rays, CT scans, and cardiac catheterization for detailed assessment.

No
Health Conditions

What causes Aortic Stenosis?

What causes Aortic Stenosis?

Aortic stenosis can result from age-related calcification, congenital heart defects, rheumatic fever, chronic kidney disease, or high cholesterol levels. It is caused by congenital bicuspid aortic valve, age-related calcific degeneration, rheumatic heart disease, radiation-induced valve damage, and rarely, metabolic disorders like hyperlipoproteinemia or Paget’s disease affecting the aortic valve.

No
Health Conditions

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