Why is regular follow-up important?
To monitor valve function, detect complications early, and adjust treatment as needed.
Is valve replacement permanent?
Bioprosthetic valves last 10–20 years, while mechanical valves last longer but require lifelong anticoagulation.
Can valvular heart disease be prevented?
While congenital causes can’t be prevented, managing risk factors like hypertension, infections, and rheumatic fever reduces the risk.
What is the treatment for advanced valvular heart disease?
Medications for symptom relief and valve repair or replacement through surgery or transcatheter procedures.
How is valvular heart disease diagnosed?
A cardiac surgeon makes the diagnosis through echocardiography, ECG, chest X-ray, cardiac MRI, and cardiac catheterization.
What are the early signs of valvular heart disease?
Shortness of breath, fatigue, palpitations, chest pain, and fainting spells.
Can coronary artery disease be prevented?
Yes, through healthy lifestyle choices.
What is the treatment for severe coronary artery disease?
Medications (antiplatelets, statins, beta-blockers), lifestyle changes, angioplasty with stents, or coronary bypass surgery (CABG).
How is severe coronary artery disease diagnosed?
Through ECG, echocardiography, stress tests, coronary angiography, and cardiac biomarkers.
What are the early signs of severe coronary artery disease?
Chest pain (angina), shortness of breath, fatigue, and palpitations, especially during exertion.
