Pacemaker implantation is a medical procedure that involves the surgical placement of a small electronic device called a pacemaker, typically within the chest area. The pacemaker is used to regulate the electrical activity of the heart and ensure that it beats at a regular rhythm. The procedure is usually performed under local anesthesia, meaning the patient is awake but the area being operated on is numb. A small incision is made in the chest, and the pacemaker leads (thin, insulated wires) are guided through a blood vessel into the heart. The leads are then attached to the heart muscle, and the other ends are connected to the pacemaker device.