There are potential risks and side effects associated with epidural anesthesia. Some of these include:
1. Decreased blood pressure: Epidural anesthesia can cause a drop in blood pressure, which can lead to dizziness, nausea, and lightheadedness. In some cases, it can also affect blood flow to the baby.
2. Headache: A small percentage of people who receive epidurals may experience a headache caused by a leak of cerebrospinal fluid. This usually resolves on its own, but in rare cases, a blood patch may be necessary to seal the leak.
3. Nerve damage: While rare, epidural anesthesia can cause nerve damage, which can result in numbness, weakness, or tingling in the legs or other areas of the body.
4. Infection: As with any invasive procedure, there is a risk of infection at the site of epidural needle insertion.
5. Allergic reactions: Some people may be allergic to the medications used in epidural anesthesia, which can cause itching, rash, or difficulty breathing.
6. Prolonged labor: Epidural anesthesia can sometimes slow down labor, which can lead to the need for additional interventions, such as Pitocin to speed up contractions or a vacuum or forceps delivery.